Geographical distribution of fir


Fir trees are evergreen trees. Its trunk is straight and dense, and it can be used as a garden tree. Fir occurred in the Late Cretaceous, and increased to the Miocene and Quaternary in the Third Age. The distribution area expanded and survived during the glacial and interglacial periods. Fir pollen was found in the Late Pleistocene sediments in the plains of the south and southeast of the Qinling Mountains in China and in the low mountain fir areas of the southwestern China.


It is distributed in sub-alpine to high mountains in Europe, Asia, North America, Central America and the northernmost part of Africa. Among them, more than 20 species of fir are important species of cold-temperature coniferous forests widely distributed in these areas. The Siberian firs are the most widely distributed until the Arctic Circle; the firs of the Huanglian Mountains are the southernmost species in Eurasia; the Guatemala firs in the Western Hemisphere Then cross the Tropic of Cancer, the southernmost boundary of the fir genera (latitude 14°49' north).


China is the country with the largest number of Abies, with about 22 species and 3 varieties, distributed in Xing'anling, Changbai Mountain, Yanshan, Wutai Mountain, Qinling, Daba Mountain, Hengduan Mountain, Himalaya Mountain, Altai Mountain, Tianshan Mountain, Central Taiwan Mountain, and Baishan Mountain in Southern Zhejiang. The Yuecheng Mountains at the junction of the ancestors and the Xiang-Gui, the Wanze Mountain at the junction of Hunan and Jiangxi, and the Fanjing Mountain in the northeast of Guizhou; the vertical distribution gradually increases from the northeast to the southwest, and most of the firs are higher than other genus of the pine family.

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