According to the physicist organization network report, it has been common to store optically encoded information in holographic form on media such as movie films and optical discs. But recently, the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Quantum Institute (JQI) used rubidium atom vapor at room temperature to store two images of information, and when needed, it can be replayed by the camera, like a small movie with only two frames . The researchers pointed out that this is the first time that two images are stored on a non-solid medium at the same time and can be played back when needed. Related papers were published in the recently published "Optical Express" magazine.
The researchers implemented this storage in a system called Gradient Echo Storage (GEM). The storage medium is a narrow, long container filled with vapor of rubidium atoms, about 20 cm long. In the GEM system, they let the signal laser beam pass through the letter-shaped mold to encode the letter image. The encoded laser enters the media container, and the information in each part of the image will be absorbed by the atom. The researchers say that atoms anywhere in the media container will absorb the image information. Whether the information can be absorbed depends on whether these atoms are in three carefully designed fields: the electric field of the light signal, the electric field of the "control" laser pulse, and the magnetic field that changes along the length of the container. Each rubidium atom acts like a small magnet and moves under the action of these fields.
When the image is absorbed by the atoms, the control beam is turned off, but two special photons are required to act at the same time. One beam excites the atoms and the other returns them to the ground state. During this process the image information is stored.
Image reading is the opposite, turning the magnetic field back to the original reverse direction, controlling the beam to turn on again, and the atoms starting to move in the opposite direction. Eventually, these atoms re-emitted light, again forming an image pulse and emitted from the medium container.
The researchers stored a letter N first, and then a letter T. The interval between the two frames was about 1 microsecond. Although the light emitted again during the playback was only 8% of the incident light, it was successfully replayed every time. Ball Wright, one of the authors of the paper, said that the biggest difficulty in storing and playing back images in this way is how to avoid atom scattering. The longer the storage time, the more scattering will occur, and the image will be blurred in the future. They plan to combine this image storage technology with the previously studied "squeeze light" to make the playback luminous efficiency reach 87%.
This method can be used to store and process quantum information, which helps to solve problems such as coherence and external isolation. The paper's lead author Quentin Gloriaux said that this storage method provides a powerful supplement to the construction of quantum networks and the development of quantum devices for computing, communication, and measurement. "Everyone is familiar with images and movies, and we want to advance them to the quantum level. If one or more images can be stored with quantum information, it is expected to accelerate the arrival of quantum networks as soon as possible."
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