Classification of temperature control properties of thermochromic ink
Thermal ink is a special kind of color-changing ink that senses the color through temperature. When it encounters cold temperature-induced color change, body temperature-induced color change, and thermal temperature-induced color change, it ranges from colorless to colored, from colored to colorless. It is divided into achromatic type and color rendering type, special anti-counterfeiting industry, and there are a variety of series such as interval temperature sensor color change and memory temperature sensor color change.
According to the color-changing characteristics of the color-changing pigment, it can be reversible and irreversible. There are two types of color-changing pigment: reversible color pigment and irreversible color pigment.
(1) Inverted pigments. There are two main categories, inorganic reversible thermochromic compounds and thermoreversible organic materials. There are relatively few types of inorganic reversible thermochromic compounds, mainly gold, metal oxides, metal halides, metal oxide polycrystals, and various metal complexes, and Ag, Hg, and Cu are mainly used. Compounds such as cobalt salts, nickel salts and hexamethylenetetramine of iodides, complexes or complex salts. Thermoreversible color organic materials can also be called organic reversible thermochromic compounds, and there are many types, such as spirocyclics, dianthrones, Schiff bases, fluorinated hydrocarbons, triphenylmethanes, etc. The color change of the reversible color pigments is mainly: when the temperature changes, some lose the crystallization water and change color, some change color when the crystal form is converted, and some change is caused by the change of the positive value. These changes are all physical changes. The changes are reversible.
(2) Non-reversible color pigments. Commonly used non-reversible color pigments are mainly sulfates, nitrates, phosphates, chromates, sulfides, oxides, such as lead, nickel, cobalt, iron, cadmium, strontium, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, barium, magnesium, etc. Azo pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, aryl methane dyes, etc. The color-changing mechanism of irreversible color pigments is that the color-changing pigments undergo a chemical change when heated, which changes the original physical and chemical properties, resulting in color changes. The general types of changes can be divided into sublimation, thermal decomposition, oxidation, compounding, solid-phase reaction, and thermally induced chemical changes. In addition, some pigments that can meet the requirements of color-changing pigments and undergo physical irreversible changes are also used for irreversible color-changing pigments.
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