How much do you know about environmental monitoring?
With the rapid development of China's social economy, environmental protection has significantly improved its position in the national economic development strategy. It has put forward higher requirements for environmental monitoring and environmental scientific research, which is the basic work of environmental monitoring. Let's go to the editor to learn more about environmental monitoring.
What is environmental monitoring
Environmental monitoring is an important foundation for environmental protection and management. With the rapid development of the economy, more and more people are concerned about the quality of the environment they are in, and require the efficiency, quality and improvement of environmental protection and management. transparency. Through the application of information technology, change the traditional environmental monitoring methods, use new communication network technology to implement long-term, continuous and effective monitoring of pollution sources and environmental quality, scientifically, accurately, comprehensively and efficiently monitor and manage the environmental conditions of the areas under their jurisdiction, so that environmental protection The environmental management of the department has reached a new level of scientific monitoring, efficient management and fair law enforcement.
In this context, simple video surveillance can no longer fully meet the needs of users. The automatic monitoring station is based on traditional video surveillance and integrates monitoring data such as power environment monitoring, water quality, and atmosphere to form a comprehensive visual monitoring system. Comprehensive security monitoring at monitoring stations has become a new development direction for security monitoring.
The construction of an online monitoring system for pollution sources and an online monitoring system for environmental quality have special significance for the management, decision-making, and law enforcement supervision of environmental protection departments, as well as the early warning and prevention of environmental pollution accidents.
What are the factors causing errors in on-site sampling in environmental monitoring
Water quality
1. The cleanliness of the sampling bottle
2. Whether the sampling point is suitable, should follow the norm
3. Whether to save the medicament and the quality of medicament
4. Whether direct sunlight or shock or overflow or contact with pollution sources during transportation
Atmospheric
1. Whether the absorption liquid is within the validity period
2. Whether the temperature is constant
3. Whether the absorption liquid is sealed during transportation
4. Whether direct sunlight
5. Whether the filter membrane is damaged
6. Whether the gas path of the sampling system is sealed
7. Whether the sensor is calibrated and effective
8. Whether the meteorological conditions meet the monitoring requirements
Noise
1. Meteorological conditions
2. Whether the sound level meter is calibrated and the standard sound source is accurate
3. Whether the windshield is used
4. Whether the points meet the specifications
5. Whether the special sampling method to go to the special point is correct.
Classification methods for environmental monitoring
1. Classified by monitoring purpose
(1) Routine monitoring Routine monitoring, also known as routine monitoring or surveillance monitoring, is a long-term and continuous monitoring of designated projects to determine the environmental quality and pollution source status, evaluate the implementation of environmental standards and the progress of environmental protection work Waiting is the daily work of the environmental monitoring department, and the quality of its work is a sign of the level of environmental monitoring. Routine monitoring includes environmental quality monitoring and pollution source monitoring.
(2) Emergency monitoring Emergency monitoring is also called special purpose monitoring. There are many monitoring contents and forms. In addition to general ground fixed monitoring, there are mobile monitoring, low-altitude aerial survey, satellite telemetry, etc.
(3) Scientific research monitoring Scientific research monitoring, also known as research monitoring, is a high-level monitoring conducted by scientific research institutes aimed at specific purposes. Scientific research monitoring is mainly to find out the migration and transformation laws of pollutants in the environment through monitoring, and to develop environmental standard substances , A special investigation to monitor the original background value of an environment, or to participate in the environmental assessment of a project, etc. When the collected data indicates that there are environmental problems, it must also study to determine the hazards of pollutants to various receptors such as humans, organisms degree.
2. Classification by the presence of pollutants
(1) Monitoring of water pollution on physical indicators (color, electrical conductivity, temperature, suspended matter, etc.) and chemical indicators (heavy metals, inorganic salts, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand) in surface water, groundwater and sediment , Pesticides, volatile phenols, etc.) and biological indicators (total bacteria, E. coli), etc. are monitored.
(2) Air pollution monitoring Qualitative and quantitative determination of primary pollutants such as suspended particles, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, mercury and secondary pollutants such as photochemical smog in the atmosphere.
(3) Monitoring of soil pollution Monitoring of heavy metals, pesticide residues and other toxic and hazardous substances in the soil.
(4) Solid waste monitoring Monitor the toxicity, flammability, corrosiveness, heavy metals and other indicators of industrial hazardous solid waste and domestic garbage.
(5) Biological pollution monitoring When organisms ingest nutrients from the environment, contaminants in water, air, and soil enter the organism. Plant monitoring projects are generally similar to soil monitoring projects, and aquatic organism monitoring projects depend on water pollution. It depends.
(6) Noise pollution monitoring The pollution caused by modern industrial and agricultural production, transportation industry and domestic noise is becoming more and more serious. The monitoring and control of noise pollution are getting more and more attention.
(7) Radioactive pollution monitoring With the development of nuclear weapons experiments and nuclear power plants and the increasing use of atomic energy, the radioactive materials in the environment are increasing day by day, and its potential threat to humans has attracted widespread attention. Therefore, monitoring of radioactivity is very necessary. of.
3. According to the classification of monitoring departments and professional departments, environmental monitoring can be divided into health monitoring, meteorological monitoring and resource monitoring.
The above is the introduction brought to you by the editor. If you want to know more related knowledge, please continue to pay attention to Qijia consultation, please stay tuned for more exciting consultations.
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