1) At the design stage, the market survey and material information are fully grasped, and a green packaging design scheme is proposed, which mainly includes: conception, determination of design parameters, such as mass and measurement values ​​of packaged goods, reserve capacity or allowable deviation parameters; The materials are non-toxic, harmless, recyclable and recyclable. The selection of biodegradable, high-performance synthetic materials and native natural materials must take into account the relevant environmental factors; design performance, including the shape and structure of the modeling style, graphics, text, and color To meet the aesthetic needs of green products, strict visual pollution. In the design stage, the entry of green packaging design is strengthened mainly from the selection of materials and the follow-up procedures of production.
2) During the production phase, it is necessary to fully consider how to improve the manufacturing process. The current research results show that the environmental load within each unit of measurement is directly proportional to the processing time, and the successful design strategy is how to shorten the processing time.
3) In the transportation stage, the design improvement of the transport packaging should be based on the hidden dangers of the goods in the transport process, taking into account the attributes, characteristics, uses, and modes of transportation of the different goods to reduce the energy consumption, and at the same time consider how to reduce the environmental impact of the product packaging. load.
4) During the consumer phase, the main consideration is how users can save energy, reduce pollution, facilitate maintenance, and extend the useful life of related packaging products.
5) In the recycling stage, first, it is necessary to consider how the packaging product can be easily recycled in the design process, and through the design of the structure and material, the disassembly and classification after use are preset. The second is to consider how easily the packaging material can be recycled. Because it is difficult to extract the pure material from the mixture, and the mixing of some materials cannot be separated, the green rational allocation of materials must be considered in the design.
Second, the green packaging design principles, methods, green packaging design must follow the principle of 3R1D, that is, reduce the consumption of packaging materials, packaging containers for refill use, packaging materials recycling recycling and packaging materials are degradable, but how to basic The ideological implementation in the conventional product design and development process, in order to form a feasible overall green packaging design process, is the key to the universal acceptance and application of green packaging design. The following are the main methods to regulate the green packaging product design process:
1. Function, considering the function of green packaging design, mainly to make the use of the product more reasonable, the basic idea is to analyze the function of the product in detail to determine what is the most basic functional characteristics, and further evaluate the realization of these functions. Whether it consumes less materials and energy, it imposes the least load on the environment. The design process is:
1) Quantitative definition of the functional value of the product, identifying the basic parameters that correspond to the functional value;
2) List the objectives and theoretical and practical measurement parameters for the specific functions of the packaged product;
3) Assess the consumption of materials and energy in each functional unit, analyze based on theoretical and practical measurement parameters, in order to study whether these functions can be achieved with less material and energy consumption;
4) Compare new packaging products and reference products and optimize new product design and development countermeasures.
2. Structure: Analyzing the green packaging design from the morphological structure of the untiring products is mainly to make the packaging structure more scientific, practical and beautiful. At this level, we first carefully determine the basic concept of product attributes, and under its framework to consider how to improve product impact on the environment, in the design process, we must not only analyze the product's functional structure, but also analyze the product's material structure. In terms of functional structure:
1) Identify the form, mass, category, property, and scope of transportation of the packaged goods, analyze and determine the structure and function of the packaged product, or the functions of the accessories, and further clarify the use of the packaged products.
2) Analyze the overall structure and function of the packaging design, and scrutinize whether the related functions can be combined or the number of attachments reduced, and whether the materials are used most rationally.
3) Whether it can also save material and reduce the volume and weight.
In the material structure:
(1) The properties of packaging materials are reasonably configured with the use of packaging;
(2) The overall analysis of the product's material composition and detachability, the use of effective;
(3) Reduce the number of material types in the same packaged product as far as possible so that they can be classified and recycled.
3, cycle, from the packaging product's cycle to consider the green product design, to facilitate the entire product cycle cycle of resource consumption, environmental load for an overall description of human body design methods are:
1) Establish an operational framework for the packaging product cycle;
2) List the total consumption of packaging materials and assess the energy consumption in the state of raw materials;
3) Determine the energy consumption of packaging products during transportation and use, and determine the recycling rate of recycled materials in packaging products;
5) Determine the amount of final waste of the packaged product.
4. Evaluation: The constituent elements of packaging products and social ecological elements are the main evaluation index systems for green packaging design. The evaluation of the constituent elements of a product means:
1) Decompose the packaging products into relatively independent parts and briefly describe their manufacturing process; (to be continued)