The range of safety technical measures for stamping operations is very wide. It includes the improvement of stamping operations, the reform of die structures, the automation of mechanization, and the installation of protective devices for molds and equipment.
Practice has proved that the use of compound molds, multi-station continuous mold instead of single-step dangerous molds, or the establishment of mechanical feed and discharge mechanism on the mold to achieve mechanized automation can achieve improved product quality and production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, convenient operation, To ensure safety, this is the development direction of stamping technology and the fundamental way to achieve stamped safety protection.
The following describes various forms of security protection.
I. Hand-use safety tools (1) Hand-use safety tools At present, the safety tools used are generally designed and manufactured in accordance with the characteristics of the company's operations, mainly including elastic clamps, special clamps (calipers), magnetic chucks, and pneumatic chucks. Wait.
(II) Precautions for use of hand safety tools 1. Hand safety tools are generally used for the processing of small parts. They are widely used on open presses. The use of hand safety tools requires a single stroke operation. The length of the tool must be appropriate, and the hand-held part is prohibited from entering the dangerous position of the mold.
2. Although a protective device has been set up on the open press, single-piece feeding should use tools as far as possible to prevent accidental failure due to protection failure.
3. Hand tools should be made of light metal or non-metal materials as far as possible to prevent damage to the mold or equipment caused by misoperation.
Second, mold protection measures (A) mold protective cover (board)
Setting up the mould shield (board) is a measure to implement safe zone operation. There are many forms of mould protection. The introduction is as follows:
1. Fix the protective plate on the lower mold. The blanks are fed from the slits under the front guard plate to prevent the hand from reaching into the mold when feeding is not appropriate.
2. Fixed guard fence fixed on the die. When using a fence, its transverse joints must be opened vertically to increase operator visibility and reduce visual fatigue.
3. Folding punch shield. When the slider is at the top dead center, only the gap between the annular laminations and the lower die is allowed to enter and leave the blank. When the slider descends, the protective cover is lightly pressed on the blank and the ring segments are folded in sequence.
4. Conical spring made of mold shield. In the free state, the gap between two adjacent springs is not more than 8 mm. This not only closes the danger zone, but also avoids the risk of the spring crushing the finger.
(B) improvement of mold structure
Without affecting the strength of the mold and the quality of the parts, the original single-process molds for manual feeding can be improved to improve safety. The specific measures are as follows:
1. Change the front of the template on the mold to beveled.
2. A groove or bevel is made between the stripper plate and the punch.
3. The guide plate maintains a sufficient clearance between the rigid stripper plate and the male mold platen, generally not less than 15 mm to 20 mm.
4. When not affecting the positioning requirements, the stopper pin is arranged on one side of the mold.
5. When punching on one side, try to arrange the convex part of the punch and the balance stopper on the back or side of the mold.
6. On large molds equipped with movable block pins and fixed stripper plates, the cam or bevel machine controls the position of the block pin.
(III) Setting up the feeding and discharging mechanism on the mold
In order to improve the operating conditions of the stamping operation, a simple feeding and discharging device is usually added to some small and medium-sized and simple-shaped molds.
1. Simple manual feeding device Hand-made simple feeding device used for stamping bowl-shaped parts. During operation, as long as the billet is pushed by hand, the billet is slid into the die along the guide plate and delivered to the subject.
2. Mechanical feeding device (1) Movable mode. When operating the punched parts into the die (the die position is on the outside of the punch), when the foot switch is depressed, the die is first pulled into the punch by the piston rod of the cylinder, and then the punch is lowered. Stamping. Release the switch and return the punch. The die is immediately pushed out of the piston rod and the punched part is removed. Repeat the operation.
(2) Lever-type feeding device. A hopper (hopper) is set in front of the mold to feed the blank into the mold using a slider. This kind of device is simple and easy to use. It is suitable for flat, burr-free blanks with a thickness of more than 1.5 mm.
3. Mechanical discharge device (1) Sliding plate discharge device. In the free state, the mechanism is controlled by the tension spring in the stop position. When the punch is moved down, the contact bar fixed on the punch is brought down together, and the crank is pressed to rotate counterclockwise so as to make the hopper Move to the right and leave the working position of the punch. When the slide returns to the end point, the returning machine is reset.
(2) Pneumatic push rod type output device. It is suitable for large and medium-sized drawing pieces.
(3) Strike out the device. When sliding at the bottom dead point, wedge iron compresses the spring at the end of the push plate. When the slide rises to a certain height, the wedge iron disengages the slide plate. The rapid movement of the spring force suddenly ejects the punched part. Elastomer devices are used for various inconveniences.
Mechanical inlet and outlet devices are simple in structure, accurate in operation, convenient in operation, secure in safety, and can increase production, and should be promoted for use.
